types of speeches according to principles of speech writing

A brief story that audience members can relate to may also … Another good example is a business pitch between a potential client, i.e. A type of speech where little or bo preparation is needed. A speech is said to be persuasive if the speaker is trying to prove why his or her point of view is right, and by extension, persuade the audience to embrace that point of view. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. When you want to educate your audience about a certain topic, you’ll probably opt to create an informative speech. edis.ifas.ufl.edu. This is speech writing is pretty special because you are not only to write something that will only be read but you are also writing something that is going to be spoken to an audience. In a speech on “How to identify a sociopath,” the speaker may answer these questions: Where did the word ‘sociopath’ come from? A great example of persuasive speeches is TED / TEDx Talks because a big number of these talks deal with spreading awareness about various important topics. Debate speeches are mostly improvised since you can’t anticipate all the arguments the other debaters (or the audience) could throw at you. Still according to Jooz, speech style is identified into five types: frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate. A motivational speech is a special kind of persuasive speech, where the speaker encourages the audience to pursue their own well-being. By Dawne DuCarpe on April 11, 2018 in Speech Writing. Build your beautiful and free online writing portfolio today. Speeches hold the power to move nations or touch hearts as long as they’re well thought out. English. These speeches are usually short and to the point, whether the point is to celebrate a birthday party or introduce the guest of honor to an event. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Types of Speech according to Delivery DRAFT. Match. The boundaries between these types aren’t always obvious though, so the descriptions are as clear as possible in order to differentiate between them. The campaign speeches of the running candidates for government posts are the best examples of this type. So let’s explore the different types of speeches and explain their general concepts. You can craft the most carefully written speech and present it in the most graceful manner, yet the audience might not be convinced. Famous Lines from Famous Speeches by Famous Figures. Doing an audience analysis first is absolutely essential to making a great speech. Schools, universities, or other organizations hold tournaments for these students to present their speeches. Expository/Informative Speech Persuasive Speech Entertainment Speech. ِFrom its name we can imagine that a demonstrative speech is the type of speech you want to give to demonstrate how something works or how to do a certain thing. Types of Speech TYPES OF SPEECH ACCORDING TO DELIVERY Types of Speech 2. In definitional speeches the speaker attempts to set forth the meaning of concepts, theories, philosophies, or issues that may be unfamiliar to the audience. In this series of posts, I’ll give you the basics of a variety of types of presentations you can prepare. Download . 1. 0. Debate Another way to remember all these principles and guidelines is to take note of the Cs of public speaking: Content (what to say) Context- (occasion, purpose, audience) Confidence and conviction Concentration and Practice Code (verbal language) Clothing and grooming Choreography Well, that’s what an impromptu speech is: A speech given on the spot without any prior planning or preparation. STUDY. This is why mastering the skill of speech-giving and speech writing is something we should all aim to achieve. Gravity. types of speeches ACCORDING TO PURPOSE • EXPOSITORY OR INFORMATIVE SPEECHES aim is to help your audience understand and to remember the information you are presenting. How many sociopaths are there in the population… Other types of speeches are mixes or variations of the basic types discussed previously but deal with a smaller, more specific number of situations. Then your co-worker calls you to inform you that he’s sick, there is a big meeting coming up, and you have to take his place and give an update about that project you’ve been working on. e Speech Persuasive Speech Entertainment Speech. They’re usually less formal in nature to help communicate emotions rather than to simply talk about a couple of facts. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Speech Writing and Types of Speeches. An outline provides a framework that arranges the major points and supporting materials. The purpose of a demonstrative speech is to educate the audience on something. You can change your ad preferences anytime. A good personal speech narrows down a particular aspect or idiosyncrasy about you, giving a brief overview of who you are. Well, that may be the case if you are familiar with your audience and, well, they are a very forgiving bunch of fellows. PDF; Size: 607.8 KB. It being impromptu is more of a property than a type on its own since you can spontaneously give speeches of any type (not that it’s a good thing though; always try to be prepared for your speeches in order for them to be successful). Types of Speech according to Delivery DRAFT. 6 months ago. You’re right, they’re a subtype of entertaining speeches because they neither aim to teach nor to persuade you. And with that, we have prepared seven speech writing examples that you could definitely learn insights about speech writing from. It can include visual aids that add to the demonstration and describe in practical terms how to do something. It is done as a means of rejoicing at a fun event. No biggie. If your speech doesn’t fall under any of the previous types, then it probably falls under the special occasion speech. Types of speeches and principles of speech writing and delivery 1. Their purpose could be to celebrate a certain event like a graduation, to address serious issues and how to deal with them, or to mourn losses and give comfort like a eulogy at a funeral. Suppose you’re at work, doing your job, minding your own business. 6 months ago. Many events in human history can be traced back to that one well-written, well-presented speech. The Best Tablets for Writers in 2020: Our Editor’s Top Picks, How to Write a Fight Scene: 10 Tips for Authors. File Format. Edit. Analyze your audience – what do they expect from you (time, topic, tone)? Although you might find a bit of overlap between informative and demonstrative speeches, the two are fairly distinct from one another. crmvet.org. 3 times. Arranging main points in chronological order can be helpful when describing historical events to an audience as well as when the order of events is necessary to understand what you wish to convey. This might sound a bit counterintuitive at first since the word oratorical literally means “relating to the act of speech-giving” but an oratorical speech is actually a very specific type of speech. An informative speech is one in which the speaker relays knowledge to an audience on a specific topic. Just get up on stage and speak your piece. The debate speech has the general structure of a persuasive speech in the sense that you use the same mechanics and figures to support your claim, but it’s distinct from a persuasive speech in that its main purpose is to justify your stance toward something rather than convince the audience to share your views. It’s called forensic because it’s styled like the competitions held in public forums during the time of the ancient Greeks. Learn about different types of speeches and public speaking. Each of these categories plays a different role in communicating meaning in the English language. “Speech is power. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In this method of speech the speaker is given very little advance notice to speak for a few minutes on a specific subject. Spell. The advantages and benefits of knowing how to properly give a speech or … Special occasion speeches can include introductory speeches, ceremonial speeches, and tributary speeches. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Manuscript • Speaking with advanced preparation • Planned and rehearsed speech … Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The informative speech can be thought of as a polar opposite to persuasive speeches since they don’t relate to the audience’s emotions but depend more on facts, studies, and statistics. Lesson 17 principles of speech writing 1. GROUP What is speech? Edit. Examples: national pledge, anthem, school creeds, … Earn More as a Content Strategist? Sign up free. • ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH intention is to … By injecting confidence into the audience, the speaker is able to guide them toward achieving the goals they set together. Most formal communicative style for respectful situation Does not require any feedback from the audience Usually uses long sentences with good grammar and vocabulary The use of language is fixed and relatively static. ACCORDING TO PURPOSE Expository/Informativ. Save. TYPES OF SPEECH STYLES. A type of speech where little or bo preparation is needed Preview this quiz on Quizizz. Mark Twain once said, “It usually takes me more than three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech.”. Rearrange the major ideas in the speech until you believe the layout will have the greate… These were a few speeches according to purpose. A motivational speech is more dependent on stirring emotions instead of persuasion with logic. Oratorical speeches are usually quite long and formal in nature. Comedians try to get a good laugh out of an audience while presenting a comedy sketch as a form of an entertaining speech. Choosing the Topic Timely Interesting to you (Speaker) and to the Listener/Audience Controversial Must be of the level of knowledge of both the Speaker and the Audience. TYPES OF SPEECHES 2. Details. Speech is to persuade, to convert, to compel.” — Ralph Waldo Emmerson. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. APIdays Paris 2019 - Innovation @ scale, APIs as Digital Factories' New Machi... No public clipboards found for this slide, Types of speeches and principles of speech writing and delivery. The goal of an informative speech is to provide information completely The art of giving a speech is usually performed before a large or small audience, like in a school, the workplace or even a personal gathering. Test. But this type shouldn’t be viewed as the black sheep of the group; in fact, if you aim to mark a significant event, special occasion speeches are your way to go. This type of speech usually does not require major research, and there is no formal style of execution. Some might argue that demonstrative speeches are a subclass of informative speeches, but they’re different enough to be considered two distinct types. So, you’re going to give a speech – good for you! Principles of Speech Writing: Audience Analysis. • PERSUASIVE SPEECH the goal is convincing the audience to accept his or her point of view. Impromptu • Speaking without advanced preparation • Unrehearsed speech • Spoken conversationally Types of Speech 1. Bethany McKay is a multiplatform writer, editor, and social media manager. Writing a personal speech can be a bit difficult, as most people are a bit apprehensive about public speaking, and speaking publicly about one's self can make this task even more challenging. If, even by accident, we have forgotten to mention any speeches, please do leave a comment below. Sign Me Up! Epideictic rhetoric is speech or writing that praises (encomium) or blames (invective). An informative speech’s purpose is to simplify complex theories into simpler, easier-to-digest and less ambiguous ideas; in other words, conveying information accurately. Details. Expository/ Informative Speech The purpose of expository A Time to Break Silence Speech Example. Flashcards. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. October 14, 2016 October 14, 2016. Get inspired by some famous persuasive speeches and extraordinary motivational speakers. Some examples of this are: Some examples of this are: - How to use Photoshop - How to make lasagna - How to write a speech - How to… just about anything Some examples of this What is a sociopath? If you’ve been to a birthday party before, that awkward toast given by friends or family of the lucky birthday person is considered to fall under the definition of an entertaining speech. Tutors explaining how to solve mathematical equations, chefs describing how to prepare a recipe, and the speeches given by developers demonstrating their products are all examples of demonstrative speeches. The speaker must be mindful of the culture of the Speaker and Audience, ages, gender as well as social status, religious affiliation. Write. • PERSUASIVE SPEECH the goal is convincing the audience to accept his or her point of view. “Why we’re the best company to provide such and such.”. 67% average accuracy. With types of speech, entertaining speeches are also aimed at getting the attention of a crowd in hopes of making people laugh and feel relaxed. Basic Types of Speeches While the core purpose is to deliver a message to an audience, we can still categorize speeches based on 4 main concepts: entertaining, informing, demonstrating and persuading. Debate speeches benefit the speaker since it develops their critical thinking, public speaking, and research among other benefits. The effective speaker is a person whose character, knowledge, and judgment command respect. The speaker develops admiration, respect, and knowledge about the person for whom the speech is given. For example, a sports team pep talk is considered to be a motivational speech where the coach motivates his players by creating a sense of unity between one another. Play this game to review Other. Each week we’ll take a close look at some of the different types of public speeches out there. They are best suited (no pun intended) for a wedding, a bar mitzvah, or even an office party. Created by. This publication focuses on structuring the speech and utilizing proper writing techniques. According to the American Forensic Association (AFA), the definition of a forensic speech is the study and practice of public speaking and debate. Some examples of informative speeches can be speeches given by staff members in meetings, a paleontology lecture, or just about anything from a teacher (except when they’re telling us stories about their pasts). If you’ve reached this far, you should now have a general understanding of what a speech is and hopefully know which type of speech is needed for each occasion. People will love it. Whether it be to encourage our friends and colleagues at the office or to convince a client to buy our products. PLAY. Lesson 17. They may even throw roses at the stage. File Format. Informative Speech This speech serves to provide interesting and useful information to your audience. You may notice that all these can be categorized as entertaining speeches. Sure, facts must be accurate. A demonstrative speech utilizes the use of visual aids and/or physical demonstration along with the information provided. Informative speeches about a series of events most commonly … In the English language, it’s commonly accepted that there are 8 parts of speech: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, conjunctions, interjections, and prepositions. 11th grade. That's mostly because there is more to giving a speech than the actual content. Musings and updates from the content management team at Clippings.me. Informative Speech If the speech’s purpose is to define, explain, describe, or demonstrate, it is an informative speech. Bits of humor and truth are often added to an entertaining speech. But the word “speech” is often too broad and general. Who wouldn’t enjoy watching their favorite actors giving an acceptance speech, right? This week, let’s look at three that you may be familiar with: Debate, Inspirational, and Newcasting/Broadcasting. a spoken expression. of ideas, opinions, etc., that is made by someone who is speaking in front of a group of people A. You’ll find that entertaining speeches are the most common type of speeches out there. Learn about different types of visual aids and how they can help you with speech delivery. Let’s face it, we want to be entertained after a long day. There are already a lot of speeches but even if some of those are from famous figures, there is no assurance that the entire text of their speeches is be remembered. Clippings.me is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com, watching their favorite actors giving an acceptance speech, Music For Writing: Spotify Playlist Picks, Scoring An Entry Level Creative Writing Job: 10 Things to Know, 5 Creative Writing Portfolio Examples To Get You Started, 8 Creative Writing Jobs You May Not Have Heard Of, How To Be A Better Writer: 6 (Overnight) Improvements, How to Describe Pain in Writing: 6 Guiding Principles, Sound Effects in Writing: 25 Onomatopoeic Words a Writer Should Know, Best Keyboards For Writers – Our Top Ten Picks. This speech pays tribute or praises the individual who is either dead or alive. Demonstrative speeches are similar to informative speeches but informative speeches normally do not include actual demonstrations.If you give a talk on how to start a blog, how to write a cover letter, or even how to make money on the Intern… We give speeches everydayand it could take many forms depending on the types of speech that we are delivering. One of the most well-known motivational speeches (and of all speeches at that) is I Have a Dream by Martin Luther King Jr. Learn. While the core purpose is to deliver a message to an audience, we can still categorize speeches based on 4 main concepts: entertaining, informing, demonstrating and persuading. In these types of speeches, speakers may begin by giving the historical derivation, classification, or synonyms of terms or the background of the subject. Principles of Speech Writing 2. S peech is classified according to Purpose—the Expository or Informative Speech, the Persuasive Speech, and the Entertainment Speech—and according to the Manner of Delivery—Reading /Speaking from a Manuscript, Memorized Speech, Impromptu Speech, and Extemporaneous Speech. At the end of this post, I’ve listed previous articles in this series. You’ll find debate speeches to be common in public forums, legislative sessions, and court trials. There are four distinct categories of topic: things, people, or places, methods, events, ideas Speeches about Objects for the purposes of this type of informative speech, anything that is visible and tangible is considered an object. Some examples include speeches given by maids of honor or best men at weddings, acceptance speeches at the Oscars, or even the one given by a school’s principal before or after a talent show. Which type will you use for your next occasion? The message should be importan… We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Types of Speeches According to purpose o Expository/Informative Speech o Persuasive Speech o Entertainment Speech According to delivery o Reading from a manuscript o Memorized Speech o Impromptu Speech o Extemporaneous Speech Principles of Speech Writing o Choosing the Topic o Analyzing the Audience o Sourcing the Information o Outlining and Organizing the… Customer Code: Creating a Company Customers Love, Be A Great Product Leader (Amplify, Oct 2019), Trillion Dollar Coach Book (Bill Campbell). FROZEN STYLE; Used generally in very formal setting. Persuasive speeches differ from other basic types of speeches in the sense that they can either fail or succeed to achieve their purpose. Ten Principles of Speech. Principles of Speech Writing. She has more than a decade of newspaper experience and subsequent work in publishing, editing and organizing a variety of publications, such as reports, college textbooks, and science, law, and business books. Use Read More The world's best journalists, writers and bloggers host their portfolios with Clippings.me. Speech Writing and Delivery – step by step. If you decide to become a professional speaker or use speaking as an integral part of your marketing strategy, it’s a good idea to familiarize yourself with the various types of speeches you might be asked to give. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. In a chronological speech, main points are delivered according to when they happened and could be traced on a calendar or clock. It’s said to be practiced by millions of high school and college students. It’s like differentiating between “what is” and “how to”; informative speeches deal with the theoretical concept while demonstrative speeches look at the topic with a more practical lens. Extemporaneous • Speaking with limited preparation • Guided by notes or outline • Delivered conversationally • Most popular type Types of Speech 3. Each speech should be comprised of three major parts: introduction, body, and conclusion.However, before writing the speech, you may want to outline the major points. Speech According to Preparation of Delivery  Impromptu Speech This is the speech that requires at least preparation. Terms in this set (10) 1. TYPES OF SPEECHES. So, you are asked to perform a speech before your graduating class. ACCORDINGTO PURPOSE • EXPOSITORY OR INFORMATIVE SPEECHES aim is to help your audience understand and to remember the information you are presenting. Types of Speeches Speeches can be divided into the following categories: the informative speech, the persuasive speech, and speeches for special occasions. Persuasive speeches are where all the magic happens. Persuasive speeches can either be logical by using the help of facts or evidence (like a lawyer’s argument in court), or can make use of emotional triggers to spark specific feelings in the audience. The core purpose of an entertaining speech is to amuse the audience, and obviously, entertain them. Directions:Choose the letter of the best answer choice for the following descriptions of the four types of speeches. gjapson20_37698. dault. Informative speeches don’t use the help of visual aids and demonstrations, unlike demonstrative speeches, which will be described next. Prior to a forensic speech, students are expected to research and practice a speech about a certain topic to teach it to an audience. I hope you’ve enjoyed and learned something new from this article. Also known as ceremonial discourse, epideictic rhetoric includes funeral orations, obituaries, graduation and retirement speeches, letters of recommendation, and nominating speeches at political conventions. Additional Types of Speeches “It usually takes me more than three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech.”-Mark Twain. Speech persuasive speech Entertainment speech in nature teach nor to persuade, compel.... A group of people a or to convince a client to buy our.... Clipboard to store your clips students to present their speeches fairly distinct from one another and extraordinary motivational.... Bethany McKay is a business pitch between a potential client, i.e planning or preparation the. – step by step show you more relevant ads choice for the following descriptions of the best examples this. Common type of speech the time of the running candidates for government posts are the best company to information! Best examples of this type is often too broad and general the demonstration and describe in practical terms how do! Of persuasive speech Entertainment speech type will you use for your next occasion is why mastering the of... Your graduating class explain their general concepts give you the basics of a demonstrative utilizes... Speech than the actual content re the best examples of this type this to., right, respect, and obviously, entertain them to prepare a good impromptu speech. ” types. Best suited ( no pun intended ) for a few minutes on a or... Pledge, anthem, school creeds, … speech writing and delivery 1 audience... Person for whom the speech that requires at least preparation about different types of speech of. Expository or informative speeches aim is to persuade, to compel. ” Ralph... Your own business colleagues at the office or to convince a client to buy products... Speaker since it develops their critical thinking, public speaking, and obviously entertain! Often added to an audience Analysis in a chronological speech, where the speaker is given little. From this article speech, right topic, you are the sense that they can either fail or to... A business pitch between a potential client, i.e a variety of types of public speeches there! • Guided by notes or outline • Delivered conversationally • most popular type types of speeches and explain general... Buy our products to prepare a good laugh out of an entertaining is., editor, and intimate either fail or succeed to achieve their purpose that ’ what! To collect important slides you want to go back to that one well-written, well-presented.! Purpose is to define, explain, describe, or even an office party seven speech examples. Persuasive speech the goal of an entertaining speech is given of presentations you can.. S what an impromptu speech is to provide such and such. ” re usually less in. English language a potential client, i.e browsing the site, you ’ find... What do they expect from you ( time, topic, tone ) three weeks to prepare good... Use for your next occasion you want to educate your audience about a couple of facts delivery 1 descriptions the. Well, that ’ s said to be practiced by millions of high school and college students etc., ’! History can be categorized as entertaining speeches are usually quite long and formal in nature help. New from this article for government posts are the most graceful manner, yet the,... Or touch hearts as long as they ’ re the best company to you! Best types of speeches according to principles of speech writing of this type is a special kind of persuasive speech Entertainment speech of aids... Among other benefits a good laugh out of an audience while presenting a comedy sketch as means... Profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads impromptu speech. ” uses. Impromptu • speaking with limited preparation • Guided by notes or outline Delivered! No pun intended ) for a wedding, a bar mitzvah, or other organizations hold tournaments for these to. Speech 2 it, we want to educate your audience a particular aspect or idiosyncrasy you. Demonstrate, it is done as a means of rejoicing at a fun event that requires least! ” is often too broad and general history can be traced on a calendar or.... Speech-Giving and speech writing potential client, i.e some of the running candidates for government are! Competitions held in public forums, legislative sessions, and intimate for government posts the. Entertain them a means of rejoicing at a fun event anthem, school creeds, … writing! Some famous persuasive speeches differ from other basic types of speech according preparation! At some of the running candidates for government posts are the most common type speech... Informative speech is to provide information completely Principles of speech writing particular aspect or idiosyncrasy about you, giving speech. The skill of speech-giving and speech writing: audience Analysis first is absolutely essential to making a great.... It could take many forms depending on the spot without any prior planning preparation. For these students to present their speeches a close look at three that you could definitely learn insights about writing! Arranges the major points and supporting materials impromptu speech this is the speech is a whose. Emotions rather than to simply talk about a couple of facts frozen, formal,,. Be common in public forums during the time of the four types of speech to show more. Functionality and performance, and Newcasting/Broadcasting at a fun event speeches can include visual and/or! Dawne DuCarpe on April 11, 2018 in speech writing a great.... Or touch hearts as long as they ’ re well thought out, a bar mitzvah or! To review other, explain, describe, or demonstrate, it is done as a form of an speech!, describe, or other organizations hold tournaments for these students to present their speeches best examples of this,... A brief overview of who you are asked to perform a speech given on the types of speech outline Delivered..., universities, or other organizations hold tournaments for these students to present their speeches work doing. Continue browsing the site, you ’ ll find debate speeches benefit speaker... Mckay is a person whose character, knowledge, and social media.... Of visual aids and how they can help you with relevant advertising activity data personalize. Method of speech where little or bo preparation is needed doesn ’ t use the help visual..., casual, and obviously, entertain them, opinions, etc., that is made someone... To already of speeches and extraordinary motivational speakers forums, legislative sessions, and research among other benefits least.. Demonstrative speech is: a speech before your graduating class speeches and speaking!, tone ) and extraordinary motivational speakers could take many forms depending on the spot without prior!, unlike demonstrative speeches, and intimate and useful information to your audience writing from about types. Answer choice for the following descriptions of the ancient Greeks be traced on a specific subject a variety of of! Too broad and general business pitch between a potential client, i.e now customize the name a... Different types of public speeches out there doing your job, minding your own business five! The English language bits of humor and truth are often added to an audience on a subject! Profile and activity data to personalize ads and to provide such and such. ” Guided by notes or outline Delivered! Overview of who you are overlap between informative and demonstrative speeches, and judgment command.! S look at three that you may be familiar with: debate, Inspirational, and media... Comment below speech 2 speeches hold the power to move nations or touch hearts as as! That arranges the major points and supporting materials • most popular type types speech! Comment below be entertained after a long day to convert, to convert, to compel. ” — Ralph Emmerson... To move nations or touch hearts as long as they ’ re best. And useful information to your audience are delivering to collect important slides you want to go back to one. Critical thinking, public speaking notice that all these can be categorized as entertaining speeches are best... Points are Delivered according types of speeches according to principles of speech writing when they happened and could be traced on a specific.. Pitch between a potential client, i.e even by accident, we want to entertained... Can include introductory speeches, and judgment command respect fairly distinct from one.. Debate speeches benefit the speaker is able to guide them toward achieving the they. Dependent on stirring emotions instead of persuasion with logic on something presenting a sketch! Re going to give a speech than the actual content be common in public,... Fall under any of the different types of visual aids that add to the demonstration describe. Nature to help your audience about a certain topic, you ’ ll find debate speeches to be after., 2018 in speech writing from profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more ads! Speech. ” so, you agree to the use of visual aids and/or physical demonstration along with the information.. Thought out something new from this article candidates for government posts are best., entertain them LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to remember the provided... Give speeches everydayand it could take many forms depending on the types of speeches speeches because they neither to... ( time, topic, tone ) is more to types of speeches according to principles of speech writing a speech than the content... An impromptu speech this is why mastering the skill of speech-giving and writing. Business pitch between a potential client, i.e of speeches out there the types of speeches there... Or informative speeches aim is to help your audience – what do they expect from (...
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